• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The excitation assembly consists of a symmetrical OMT (10) and two splitters (20, 30) respectively connected to two OMT channels. the OMT consists of a cross-connection comprising a central guide (13) and four lateral ports (15, 16, 17, 18) oriented in two directions X, Y, the first distributor (20) consisting of a power input guide (21) operating in a polarization P1 and two output ports (22, 23) coupled to two lateral ports (15, 16), oriented in the X direction, by connection guides (25). , 26) respectively. The first splitter is located on a lateral side of the OMT, orthogonal to the X direction, and its two output ports are arranged one above the other in a side wall of the input guide, the port of upper outlet being placed in front of a first lateral port of the OMT to which it is connected by the first connection guide. The difference in electrical length between the two connection guides is equal to λ / 2.
    公开号:FR3045220A1
    申请号:FR1502571
    申请日:2015-12-11
    公开日:2017-06-16
    发明作者:Jean Philippe Fraysse；Segolene Tubau；Francois Doucet；Herve Legay；Renaud Chiniard
    申请人:Thales SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Compact bipolarization excitation assembly for an antenna radiating element and compact array having at least four compact excitation assemblies
    The present invention relates to a bipolarization compact excitation assembly for an antenna radiating element and a compact array having at least four compact excitation assemblies. It applies to any multibeam antenna comprising a focal network operating in low frequency bands and more particularly in the field of space applications such as C-band, L-band or S-band satellite telecommunications, as well as to space antennas with a single-beam overall coverage in C-band, L-band or S-band. It also applies to radiating elements for network antennas, particularly X-band or Ka-band antennas.
    Radiant sources operating in low frequency bands, for example in C-band, generally comprise very large metal cones and having a large mass. To reduce the size of the radiating source, it is known from FR2959611 to replace the metal horn with stacked Fabry-Perot cavities. This solution makes it possible to reduce the size of the sources and presents radio-frequency performances equivalent to those of a metal horn. However, this solution is limited to an opening diameter of less than 2.5λ, where λ represents the central wavelength, in a vacuum, of the frequency band of use.
    To produce compact sources with larger radiating aperture, the document FR 3012917 proposes a solution comprising a compact bipolarization power distributor comprising four asymmetrical orthomode OMT transducers, coupled in phase with an orthogonal double polarization power source. These four OMTs are networked via two dedicated power distributors for each polarization. This power distributor has a very thin thickness when the OMTs and the two power distributors are located in the same plane. However, this solution has the disadvantage of a poor insulation, of the order of 15 dB, between the two orthogonal modes of each OMT, which results in insufficient performance for the power splitter. This lack of isolation between the two orthogonal modes of each OMT is essentially due to the asymmetry of each OMT which has only two lateral access ports angularly spaced 90 ° around a main waveguide.
    The object of the invention is to solve the problems of the existing solutions and to propose an alternative solution to the existing radiating elements, having a radiating aperture diameter of average size between 2.5λ and 5λ, including good isolation between the modes. orthogonal, low losses and being compatible with high power applications.
    For this purpose, the invention relates to a bipolarisation compact excitation assembly consisting of an OMT orthomode transducer comprising two transmission channels respectively dedicated to two orthogonal polarizations, a first and a second power splitter respectively connected to the two paths. of ΓΟΜΤ, and a first and a second connection waveguide, ΓΟΜΤ consisting of a cross-connection comprising a central waveguide parallel to a Z axis and four lateral ports respectively coupled to the waveguide. central wave and oriented in two directions X and Y orthogonal to each other and to the Z axis, the first power distributor consisting of an input waveguide adapted to be connected to a first operating power source in a first polarization P1 and two output ports respectively coupled to a first and a second lateral ports of ΓΟΜΤ, orient s in the direction X through the first and second respective connection waveguide. The first power splitter is located on a first lateral side of ΓΟΜΤ, the input waveguide having a sidewall orthogonal to the X direction. The two output ports, respectively upper and lower, of the first power splitter are arranged one above the other in said side wall of the input waveguide, the upper output port being placed in front of the first lateral port of ΓΟΜΤ to which it is connected by the first waveguide connection, and the first and second connection waveguides have different electrical lengths, the difference in electrical length between the first and second connection waveguides being equal to half a wavelength λ / 2, where λ is the central operating wavelength.
    Advantageously, the excitation assembly may comprise several levels stacked parallel to the XY plane, the QMT and the first connection waveguide being located in a first level, and the second connection waveguide is constituted by a linear section located in a second level, under the orthomode transducer, in a plane parallel to the XY plane, and a 180 ° angled section connected to the second lateral port of ΙΌΜΤ.
    Advantageously, the second power distributor may be identical to the first power distributor and located on a second lateral side of ΓΟΜΤ orthogonal to the Y direction.
    Advantageously, the second power distributor may consist of an input waveguide adapted to be connected to a second power source operating in a second polarization P2 and two output ports arranged one above on the other in a side wall of the input waveguide and respectively coupled to third and fourth lateral ports of ΓΟΜΤ, oriented in the Y direction, via third and fourth guides respective connection wavelengths, and the third and fourth connection waveguides have different electrical lengths, the difference in electrical length between the third and fourth connection waveguides being equal to half a wavelength λ / 2.
    Advantageously, the fourth connection waveguide may consist of a linear section located in a third level, below the orthomode transducer, and of a 180 ° angled section connected to the fourth lateral port of ΓΟΜΤ.
    Advantageously, ΓΟΜΤ may comprise a symmetrical pyramid located at the center of the cross junction.
    Alternatively, the second power splitter may be a septum splitter consisting of an input waveguide provided with an inner wall, called a septum, defining two output waveguides parallel to the input waveguide and stacked in a fourth level beneath ΓΟΜΤ, parallel to the XY plane, the two output waveguides of the septum power splitter being respectively connected to the first and second side ports of ΓΟΜΤ by fifth and sixth connection waveguides respective located in a third level, under ΓΟΜΤ, the electrical lengths of the fifth and sixth connecting waveguides being equal. In this case, advantageously, ΓΟΜΤ may comprise an asymmetrical pyramid situated in the center of the cross-connection. The invention also relates to a compact network comprising at least four compact excitation assemblies coupled together by two common power distributors, which are independent of one another, orthogonal to each other, and respectively dedicated to the two orthogonal polarizations. Other features and advantages of the invention will become clear in the remainder of the description given by way of purely illustrative and nonlimiting example, with reference to the attached schematic drawings which represent: FIG. 1: a perspective diagram of an example compact excitation assembly, according to a first embodiment of the invention; FIGS. 2a and 2b: two diagrams in sections, respectively along two orthogonal planes XZ and YZ, of the compact excitation assembly of FIG. 1, according to the invention; FIGS. 3a and 3b: two diagrams in sections, respectively along two orthogonal planes XZ and YZ, of an exemplary compact excitation assembly, according to a second embodiment of the invention; FIG. 4 is a perspective diagram of an example of a compact network of four compact excitation units, according to the invention; FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a first exemplary assembly of two different orthogonal splitter units that can be used to power four compact excitation assemblies according to the invention; FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a second exemplary assembly of two identical orthogonal distributors that can be used to power four compact excitation assemblies according to the invention.
    FIG. 1 represents a first example of a compact bipolarization excitation assembly, according to the invention. The excitation assembly, made in waveguide technology, comprises several levels stacked one above the other, parallel to an XY plane. The excitation assembly comprises an orthomode transducer OMT 10 and two power distributors 20, 30 respectively connected to the orthomode transducer, by dedicated connection waveguides. The OMT orthomode transducer 10, located in a first level, consists of a cross junction, known as a "turnstile" junction, comprising a central waveguide 11, for example with a cylindrical geometry, having an axis of revolution. parallel to an axis Z, and four lateral waveguides 12, for example of rectangular section, diametrically opposed in pairs, in an XY plane orthogonal to the Z axis, and coupled perpendicularly to the central waveguide. The four lateral waveguides are respectively oriented in two orthogonal directions X, Y of the XY plane. The central waveguide 11 is provided with an axial access port 13 and the four lateral waveguides are respectively provided with four lateral ports oriented along the X or Y directions. On transmission, the four lateral ports are input ports and the axial port is an output port. In reception, the input and output ports are inverted and the operation of ΓΟΜΤ is reversed. The two lateral waveguides oriented in the direction X and the two lateral waveguides oriented in the direction Y constitute two channels of ΓΟΜΤ respectively dedicated to two orthogonal polarizations P1, P2. The two paths generate two different propagation modes in the central waveguide 11 of ΓΟΜΤ. As shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, advantageously, ΓΟΜΤ may furthermore comprise an adaptation element, for example cone-shaped or pyramid-shaped 14, placed in the center of the cross junction and having a penetrating top in the central waveguide 11, to improve the junction matching over a predetermined operating frequency band and to improve the isolation between the two polarizations. The pyramid 14 or the cone makes it possible to accompany the electric field E transmitted by each lateral waveguide of the OMT towards the central waveguide 11 and constitute an obstacle to the passage of the electric field E towards the waveguides lateral perpendicular. To obtain optimal operation of the orthomode transducer, the two lateral waveguides of each channel of ΓΟΜΤ must be powered by electric fields E of the same amplitude but in phase opposition as shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b.
    The power splitters operate as a divisor on transmission and conversely as a combiner on reception. The operation of each power splitter at the receiving end being reversed with respect to the transmission, the remainder of the description is limited to operation on transmission. The first power splitter 20 comprises, on transmission, an input waveguide, of rectangular section, comprising an input port 21 adapted to be connected to a power source operating in a first polarization P1 and two output ports 22, 23, respectively upper and lower, arranged in a side wall of the input waveguide. Said side wall is orthogonal to the input port 21, the two output ports being respectively connected to a first and second side ports 15, 16, diametrically opposed, of the orthomode transducer as shown in Figure 2a.
    The two output ports of the first power splitter 20 are arranged one below the other, in the side wall of the input waveguide which constitutes a first output plane orthogonal to the X direction. construction, the electric fields E on the two output ports 22, 23 of the first power distributor 20 are in phase opposition. To limit the size of the excitation assembly, the first power distributor 20 is located on a lateral side of the orthomode transducer 10, so that the upper output port 22 is placed in the XY plane, in front of a first lateral port 15 of the orthomode transducer to which it is connected by a first connection waveguide 25. The lower output port 23 of the first power distributor 20 is connected to a second lateral port 16 of the orthomode transducer, diametrically opposed to the first lateral port, by a second connection waveguide 26. The second connection waveguide 26 consists of a linear section located in a second level, under the orthomode transducer, in a plane parallel to the XY plane, and an angled section forming a 180 ° turn connected to the second side port 16 of ΓΟΜΤ. In order for the first and second lateral ports of the OMT to be powered by electric fields E in opposition of phase, the second connection waveguide 26 has a total electrical length greater than the electrical length of the first waveguide. 25, the difference in electrical length between the first and the second connection waveguide being equal to half a wavelength λ / 2, where λ is the central wavelength of the operating frequency band of the excitation set. Thus, the cumulative phase shift due to the difference in electrical length and the turn is equal to 360 ° and the electric fields E on the first and second lateral ports are in phase opposition.
    Concerning the second channel of ΓΟΜΤ dedicated to the second polarization P2, the structure of the second power splitter 30 is chosen according to the desired application. Either the two channels of ΓΟΜΤ operate in the same frequency band, for example transmission Tx, or they operate in two different frequency bands, for example transmission Tx and reception Rx.
    According to a first embodiment corresponding to an operation of the two channels in the same frequency band, as represented in FIGS. 1 and 2b, the second power distributor 30 may be identical to the first power distributor 20, the two power distributors being respectively arranged perpendicularly to the two directions X and Y. The second power distributor 30 then comprises two output ports 32, 33, upper and lower, respectively connected to a third and fourth lateral ports 17, 18 of ΓΟΜΤ, dedicated to the second polarization P2, via a third and a fourth connection waveguides. In this case, the two output ports 32, 33 of the second power distributor 30 are arranged one below the other, in a second output plane orthogonal to the direction Y. The upper output port 32 of the second power distributor is placed in the plane XY, in front of a third lateral port 17 of the orthomode transducer to which it is connected by a third connection guide 27. The lower output port 33 of the second power distributor is connected to a fourth lateral port 18 of the orthomode transducer, diametrically opposed to the third lateral port, by a fourth connecting waveguide 28. The fourth connecting waveguide 28 is located in a third level located beneath the second waveguide of FIG. connection 26, in a plane parallel to the XY plane, and comprises a first linear section and a second section bent at 180 ° connected to the fourth lateral port 18 of ΓΟΜΤ. In order for the electric fields E on the third and fourth lateral ports 17, 18 of ΓΟΜΤ to be in phase opposition, the fourth connection waveguide 28 has a total electrical length greater than the electrical length of the third waveguide. connection 27, the difference in electrical length between the third and the fourth connection waveguide being equal to half a wavelength λ / 2.
    In this first embodiment, the two channels of ΓΟΜΤ operate in orthogonal polarizations P1, P2 and in the same frequency band. The geometry of the pyramid 14 of ΓΟΜΤ is symmetrical, its four faces being identical and having dimensions optimized according to the desired operating frequency. The waveguides, lateral and connection, with rectangular section have identical widths.
    This very compact excitation assembly, realized in the technology of rectangular or cylindrical metallic waveguides, makes it possible, in a small space, to excite, in double polarization, a radiating element coupled to the axial access port 13 of ΓΟΜΤ and has the advantages of operating at high radio frequency RF power and having a compatible bandwidth of the transmit frequency band between 3.7 GHz and 4.2 GHz and corresponding to the C-band.
    However, because of the constraints on the electrical lengths of the connection waveguides connecting the power splitters to the OMT input ports and the constraints on the widths of the metal waveguides as a function of the operating frequency , the compact excitation unit according to this first embodiment, can operate only in frequency bands close to each other for the two channels, or in a single frequency band common to both channels of ΓΟΜΤ.
    According to a second embodiment shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, corresponding to an operation of the two channels of ΓΟΜΤ in two different and distinct frequency bands, the second power distributor 30 may have a different structure from the first power distributor 20. For example, the two frequency bands may correspond to a transmission band Tx and respectively to a reception band Rx. In Figure 3b, the second power splitter is a septum splitter 40 mounted in a fourth level, under ΓΟΜΤ. The septal distributor 40 comprises an input waveguide provided with an inner wall 41, called a septum, delimiting two output waveguides 42, 43. The septum 41 can be resistive to improve the insulation between the two output waveguides. The two output waveguides 42, 43 are parallel to the input waveguide and stacked parallel to the XY plane. The two output waveguides of the septum power splitter are respectively connected to the third and fourth lateral ports 17, 18 of ΓΟΜΤ by respective fifth and sixth connection waveguides 47, 48 located in a third level, under ΓΟΜΤ the electrical lengths of the fifth and sixth connection waveguides being equal. In this second embodiment, in order to allow optimized operation in the two operating frequency bands, the transmission frequency band being different from the reception frequency band, the widths of the waveguides, lateral and connection, dedicated to the emission are different from the widths of the waveguides dedicated to the reception. For example, for C-band operation with a transmit frequency band between 3.7 and 4.2 GHz and a receive frequency band between 5.9 and 6.4 GHz, the reception operating wavelength is less than transmission wavelength and the widths of the waveguides dedicated to the transmission path are therefore greater than the widths of the waveguides dedicated to the reception path. In addition, the geometry of the pyramid 14 of the OMT is asymmetrical, as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, two of its four faces having smaller dimensions, optimized for operation in the receiving frequency band and both other faces having larger dimensions, optimized for operation in the transmit frequency band. In particular, seen from the lateral rectangular waveguides of ΓΟΜΤ, the pyramid is wider in emission than in reception.
    Each compact excitation unit can be used alone to power an individual radiating element coupled at the output of the axial waveguide of ΓΟΜΤ. Alternatively, as illustrated in FIG. 4, a plurality of compact excitation assemblies may be coupled together in a network, for example four or sixteen, using two orthogonal power distributors, independent of each other, and nested one above the other. above the other, the two power distributors being respectively dedicated to the two orthogonal polarizations P1 and P2 and common to all the OMTs of the network. In FIG. 5 is illustrated a first example of an assembly of two orthogonal power splitters in which the two power splitters 51, 52 are not identical because they are dedicated to two different frequency bands, for example Rx and Tx. FIG. 6 illustrates a second example of an assembly of two orthogonal power splitters in which the two power splitters 51, 55 are identical because they are dedicated to two identical frequency bands, for example Tx. The two different power splitters 51, 52, or identical 51, 55, are respectively connected to the four OMTs of the network via the connection waveguides and ensure the distribution and division, or combination, of the power. between the different OMTs of the compact network thus formed. In Figure 4, the compact network has four distinct OMTs coupled together by two orthogonal power splitters, common to all OMTs, including power splitters / combiners by eight. The different individual power distributors corresponding to the same polarization and dedicated to each OMT of the network are thus grouped together and integrated into the common power distributor corresponding to said polarization. Each power splitter is respectively connected to all the OMTs of the network by the respective connection waveguides dedicated to each of the corresponding compact excitation assemblies. The compact network may be for supplying a four-port radiating source 50 having an opening four times larger than an individual radiating element and operating in a C-band or, alternatively, feeding four individual radiating sources. Each power distributor 51, 52, 55 has a respective input port 53, 54, 56 capable of being connected to a respective power source. The radiating source 50, coupled on the output ports of the central waveguides 11 of the OMTs of the different excitation sets of the array, may for example be a Fabry-Perot cavity as in FIG. 4 in the case of a network of four compact excitation sets. Likewise, an even larger aperture excitation arrays can be achieved by connecting sixteen array arrays by two orthogonal power splitters including thirty-two power splitters.
    Although the invention has been described in connection with particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is not limited thereto and that it includes all the technical equivalents of the means described and their combinations if they are within the scope of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    A compact bipolarization excitation unit consisting of an OMT orthomode transducer (10) comprising two transmission channels, respectively dedicated to two orthogonal polarizations, of first and second power distributors (20, 30) respectively connected to the two channels of ΓΟΜΤ (10), and a first and a second connection waveguide (25, 26), the OMT consisting of a cross-connection comprising a central waveguide ( 13) parallel to a Z axis and four lateral ports (15, 16, 17, 18) respectively coupled to the central waveguide (13) and oriented in two directions X and Y orthogonal to each other and to the Z axis, the first power distributor (20) consisting of an input waveguide (21) adapted to be connected to a first power source operating in a first polarization P1 and two output ports (22, 23) respectively coupled to a first and a second me lateral ports (15, 16) of ΓΟΜΤ, oriented in the X direction, via the respective first and second connection waveguides (25, 26), characterized in that the first power distributor (20) ) is located on a first lateral side of the OMT (10), the input waveguide (21) having a lateral wall orthogonal to the X direction, in that the two output ports (22, 23) , respectively upper and lower, of the first power distributor (20) are arranged one above the other in said side wall of the input waveguide (21), the upper output port (22) being placed in front of the first lateral port (15) of ΓΟΜΤ to which it is connected by the first connection waveguide (25), and in that the first and second connection waveguides (25, 26) have different electrical lengths, the difference in electrical length between the first and second The connection wave (25, 26) being equal to half a wavelength λ / 2, where λ is the central operating wavelength.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. compact excitation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises several levels stacked parallel to the XY plane, the OMT and the first connection waveguide being located in a first level and in that the second connection waveguide (26) is constituted by a linear section located in a second level, under the orthomode transducer (10), and a bent section at 180 ° connected to the second lateral port (16) of the UNWTO.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    Compact excitation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the second power distributor (30) is identical to the first power distributor (20) and located on a second lateral side of ΓΟΜΤ (10), orthogonal to the direction Y.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. compact excitation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that the second power distributor (30) consists of an input waveguide (31) adapted to be connected to a second power source operating in a second polarization P2 and two output ports (32, 33) arranged one above the other in a side wall of the input waveguide (31) and respectively coupled to a third and a fourth lateral ports (17, 18) of ΓΟΜΤ, oriented in the Y direction, via a respective third and fourth connection waveguides (27, 28), and in that the third and fourth connection waveguides (27, 28) have different electrical lengths, the difference in electrical length between the third and fourth connecting waveguides being equal to half a wavelength λ / 2.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Compact excitation unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the fourth connection waveguide (28) consists of a linear section located in a third level, under the orthomode transducer (10), and a 180 ° angled section connected to the fourth lateral port (18) of ΓΟΜΤ.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. compact excitation unit according to claim 5, characterized in that ΓΟΜΤ (10) comprises a symmetrical pyramid (14) located at the center of the cross junction.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Compact excitation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the second power distributor (30) is a septum distributor (40) consisting of an input waveguide provided with an inner wall (41). ), called a septum, delimiting two output waveguides (42, 43) parallel to the input waveguide and stacked in a fourth level under the OMT (10), parallel to the XY plane, the two waveguides output wave of the septum power distributor (40) being respectively connected to the first and second side ports (17, 18) of ΓΟΜΤ by respective fifth and sixth connection waveguides (47, 48) located in a third level, under ΓΟΜΤ, the electrical lengths of the fifth and sixth connecting waveguides being equal.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. compact excitation unit according to claim 7, characterized in that ΓΟΜΤ comprises a pyramid (14) asymmetrical located in the center of the cross junction.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    Compact network comprising at least four compact excitation assemblies according to one of the preceding claims, the at least four compact excitation assemblies being coupled to one another by two common independent power distributors (51, 52), orthogonal to each other, and respectively dedicated to the two orthogonal polarizations.
    类似技术:
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    FR2952759A1|2011-05-20|Reflector focal network and antenna for use in satellite to cover chosen geographical area of geostationary orbit, has sub-reflector misaligning and/or deforming beam from selected sources to produce spot near area
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3179551A1|2017-06-14|
    US10381699B2|2019-08-13|
    US20170170570A1|2017-06-15|
    CA2950993A1|2017-06-11|
    FR3045220B1|2018-09-07|
    EP3179551B1|2021-02-24|
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    法律状态:
    2016-11-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-06-16| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20170616 |
    2017-11-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-11-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-11-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-11-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1502571A|FR3045220B1|2015-12-11|2015-12-11|COMPACT BIPOLARIZATION EXCITATION ASSEMBLY FOR A RADIANT ANTENNA ELEMENT AND COMPACT NETWORK COMPRISING AT LEAST FOUR COMPACT EXCITATION ASSEMBLIES|
    FR1502571|2015-12-11|FR1502571A| FR3045220B1|2015-12-11|2015-12-11|COMPACT BIPOLARIZATION EXCITATION ASSEMBLY FOR A RADIANT ANTENNA ELEMENT AND COMPACT NETWORK COMPRISING AT LEAST FOUR COMPACT EXCITATION ASSEMBLIES|
    US15/369,630| US10381699B2|2015-12-11|2016-12-05|Compact bipolarization excitation assembly for a radiating antenna element and compact array comprising at least four compact excitation assemblies|
    EP16202268.5A| EP3179551B1|2015-12-11|2016-12-05|Compact bipolarisation drive assembly for a radiating antenna element and compact network comprising at least four compact drive assemblies|
    CA2950993A| CA2950993A1|2015-12-11|2016-12-08|Compact bipolarization excitation assembly for a radiating antenna element and compact array comprising at least four compact excitation assemblies|
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